Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup

Cetirizine is an oral medication classified as a second-generation antihistamine. It is primarily used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and chronic urticaria (hives), conditions characterised by symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, and skin itching. By selectively blocking peripheral H1 histamine receptors, Cetirizine helps reduce or eliminate these allergic symptoms without significant central nervous system sedation. The standard starting dose is 10mg, taken once daily.

Cetirizine is a medicine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and chronic urticaria (hives), conditions in which the body releases excessive histamine, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, runny or itchy nose, itchy or watery eyes, itching of the throat, and skin rashes or hives. In allergic reactions, the body produces too much histamine, a naturally occurring substance that causes blood vessels to become leaky, smooth muscles to contract, and nerves to become irritated. Cetirizine works by selectively blocking the histamine type 1 (H1) receptor, which is responsible for most of these allergic effects.

By blocking the H1 receptor, Cetirizine helps reduce vascular permeability, preventing fluid from leaking into tissues, and inhibits histamine-induced bronchospasm and itching. This leads to drier nasal passages, less congestion, reduced eye irritation, and relief from skin itching or hives. As a result, patients may experience improved daily functioning, better sleep, and decreased overall allergic burden, such as fewer disruptions from seasonal pollen exposure.

Cetirizine is more selective for the peripheral H1 receptor than for central nervous system H1 receptors or other receptor types like muscarinic or serotonergic. Preserving minimal central activity is important because it avoids excessive drowsiness associated with first-generation antihistamines while still providing effective peripheral relief.

Because allergic conditions can vary in severity and may be chronic, treatment with Cetirizine is usually started and monitored by a healthcare professional, often as an over-the-counter option for mild cases or prescribed for targeted use.

Cetirizine is indicated for:

Treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis:

Specifically, to relieve symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy nose/throat, and itchy/watery eyes due to pollen allergens like ragweed, grass, and tree pollens in adults and children 2 years and older.

Treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis:

To manage symptoms including sneezing, runny nose, postnasal discharge, and itchy/watery eyes caused by year-round allergens like dust mites, animal dander, and moulds in adults and children 6 months and older.

Treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria:

To reduce itching, redness, and hives in adults and children 6 months and older.

Combination Therapy:

Cetirizine is used alone or in combination with other agents (e.g., nasal corticosteroids like fluticasone or leukotriene inhibitors like montelukast) to manage allergic conditions.

Rapid Symptom Relief:

Quickly reduces histamine-mediated symptoms like sneezing and itching within 20-60 minutes of dosing.

Non-Sedating Profile:

Improves patient functional status with minimal drowsiness compared to first-generation antihistamines, supporting daily activities.

24-Hour Duration:

Provides once-daily convenience, enhancing adherence and consistent control of allergic symptoms.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Helps decrease overall allergic burden, such as reduced hive severity and duration in urticaria.

Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup can be associated with various side effects, some of which require immediate medical attention or regular monitoring.

Common Side Effects (Usually Mild):

• Drowsiness or sleepiness
• Headache
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Sore throat

Serious Side Effects (Stop taking the medicine and seek urgent medical attention if you experience):

• Severe Allergic Reaction: Swelling of face/lips/tongue, rash, itching, or trouble breathing.
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Liver Problems: Yellowing of skin/eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe stomach pain.
• Mental/mood changes like confusion or hallucinations.

• Dosage: The typical starting dose is 10mg once daily. If tolerated, the dose may be increased to 20mg once daily as determined by the prescribing specialist.
• Administration: Take the medicine orally, once daily, with or without food. Swallow whole. Do not cut, crush, or chew the medicine.
• Consistency: Take Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup at the same time each day to maintain stable blood levels. Never discontinue this medication abruptly without consulting your physician.

• Do not drive if drowsy: Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup commonly causes drowsiness, especially in the first few days. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Take at bedtime if sleepy: If drowsiness interferes with daily activities, take Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup at night for allergy relief while you sleep.
• Stay hydrated: Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup can cause dry mouth. Drink plenty of water and use sugar-free lozenges if needed.
• Avoid alcohol: Alcohol greatly increases the risk of drowsiness and dizziness when combined with Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup.
• Report severe reactions: Contact your doctor if you experience a fast heartbeat, severe dizziness, confusion, or trouble urinating, as these need quick attention.

• Store at room temperature, ideally between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F).
• Keep the medicine in their original packaging, protected from light and moisture.
• Keep out of reach and sight of children.

Grapefruit Products: No significant interactions reported. Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup can be taken independently of grapefruit or citrus fruits.

General: Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup can be taken independently of meals.

CNS Depressants (e.g., Alcohol, Benzodiazepines like lorazepam, Opioids): These increase the risk of drowsiness and dizziness; avoid or use cautiously.

Other Antihistamines (e.g., Diphenhydramine, Loratadine): Increases side effects and overdose risk; do not combine.

Theophylline: May slightly increase theophylline levels; monitor if used together.

Always tell your healthcare provider about all medicines, supplements, or herbal products you are taking before starting or changing Zetcet Syrup 60 Syrup.

Severe Renal Impairment (Kidney Disease): CAUTION. Primarily excreted by the kidneys; use a reduced dose in severe cases to avoid buildup.

Liver Disease: SAFE. Minimal liver metabolism; no adjustment typically needed.

Prostatic Hypertrophy: CAUTION. May worsen urinary retention symptoms in men with an enlarged prostate.

The typical starting daily dose is 10mg taken once daily. The dose may be reduced to 5mg once daily for children, elderly patients, or those with kidney impairment, under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

In the event of an overdose, the main effects are extreme drowsiness, confusion, or a fast heartbeat. Action Required: Seek immediate emergency medical attention. Treatment is supportive, including monitoring vital signs and activated charcoal if taken recently.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember that same day. If the next day has already arrived, skip the missed dose and return to your regular once-daily schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time.