Amitriptyline
Uses
Amitriptyline is used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, bed-wetting, migraine, obsessive-compulsive disorder, insomnia, and neuropathic pain.
How it Works
How Amitriptyline works Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that possesses anticholinergic and sedative properties. It prevents the reuptake and subsequent inactivation of neurotransmitters called noradrenaline and serotonin, which are present at the nerve terminals in the brain. By inhibiting the reuptake of these monoamine neurotransmitters, Amitriptyline enhances their action in the brain. This mechanism is thought to be associated with its antidepressant effects and helps regulate mood. Additionally, it blocks the transmission of pain signals from nerves to the brain, thereby relieving neuropathic pain, which originates from damaged nerves.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Amitriptyline include constipation, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension (sudden lowering of blood pressure upon standing), weight gain, aggressive behavior, nasal congestion (stuffy nose), sleepiness, dizziness, headache, decreased libido, nausea, fatigue, confusion, tremors, speech disorders, palpitations, changes in taste, paresthesia (tingling or pricking sensation), abnormalities of voluntary movements, loss of accommodation, atrioventricular block, micturition disorders, erectile dysfunction, abnormal ECG, and decreased sodium levels in the blood.
Expert Advice
- It may take 4 to 6 weeks for Amitriptyline to start working.
- Continue taking it as prescribed.
- It may cause sleepiness; take it at bedtime.
- Do not drive or engage in activities requiring concentration until you know how it affects you.
- Avoid consuming alcohol while taking Amitriptyline, as it may cause excessive sleepiness.
- Monitor your weight during treatment, as this medication can cause weight gain and increased appetite.
- Amitriptyline may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure; rise slowly if you have been sitting or lying down.
- Consult your doctor if you notice sudden mood changes or develop suicidal thoughts.
- Pay close attention to any changes, especially sudden changes, in mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings.
- This is particularly important when starting an antidepressant or changing the dose.
- The main dose should be taken at night, as this medication may produce drowsiness or sleepiness.
- It can take 2 to 3 weeks for Amitriptyline to start working.
- Continue the treatment for at least 6 months after feeling better to prevent depression from returning.
- If your doctor advises you to stop Amitriptyline, reduce the dose slowly over 4 weeks.
- Do not discontinue it abruptly.
- Avoid driving or operating machinery, as it may decrease alertness.
- Avoid alcohol consumption while taking Amitriptyline, as it may cause excessive drowsiness and calmness.
- The potential for addiction or dependence on Amitriptyline is very low.
- Overdose may be extremely dangerous.
Other Combinations
Amitriptyline + Chlordiazepoxide
Amitriptyline + Gabapentin
Amitriptyline + Ketamine
Amitriptyline + Pantoprazole
Amitriptyline + Pregabalin
Amitriptyline + Propranolol
Amitriptyline + Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)